Right now, the only way to edit a playlist’s cover photo, name, and description is through the web app. This is especially annoying, since you can create a playlist in Plexamp, for example, but then be unable to edit it from within the app. You can change specific albums’ cover photos on Dash, but why not playlists’ as well?
Semi related, but custom playlist cover photos do not appear in the Plex mobile app.