ffmpeg -i codecs | grep -i webvtt will do it all too.
[chuck@lizum Lucy (2014).524]$ ffmpeg -i lucy.forced.srt lucy.converted.vtt
ffmpeg version 4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-10ubuntu2)
configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=1ubuntu0.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --disable-filter=resample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librsvg --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-nvenc --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
libavutil 56. 31.100 / 56. 31.100
libavcodec 58. 54.100 / 58. 54.100
libavformat 58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
libavdevice 58. 8.100 / 58. 8.100
libavfilter 7. 57.100 / 7. 57.100
libavresample 4. 0. 0 / 4. 0. 0
libswscale 5. 5.100 / 5. 5.100
libswresample 3. 5.100 / 3. 5.100
libpostproc 55. 5.100 / 55. 5.100
Input #0, srt, from 'lucy.forced.srt':
Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
Stream #0:0: Subtitle: subrip
Output #0, webvtt, to 'lucy.converted.vtt':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf58.29.100
Stream #0:0: Subtitle: webvtt
Metadata:
encoder : Lavc58.54.100 webvtt
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (subrip (srt) -> webvtt (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
size= 3kB time=01:21:00.48 bitrate= 0.0kbits/s speed=3.93e+06x
video:0kB audio:0kB subtitle:1kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 125.168541%
[chuck@lizum Lucy (2014).525]$
comparing differences shows:
[chuck@lizum Lucy (2014).527]$ head -10 lucy.forced.srt
565
00:48:38,542 --> 00:48:39,543
Del Rio.
566
00:48:40,669 --> 00:48:42,295
I've got a weird call
from a US citizen in Taiwan.
567
[chuck@lizum Lucy (2014).528]$ head -10 lucy.converted.vtt
WEBVTT
48:38.542 --> 48:39.543
Del Rio.
48:40.669 --> 48:42.295
I've got a weird call
from a US citizen in Taiwan.
48:42.504 --> 48:45.882
[chuck@lizum Lucy (2014).529]$
EDIT: looking to see if there is an upstream FFMPEG problem with embedded XML in subtitle files.

