Plex Media Server should have downloaded the codecs from servers at Plex. They’re downloaded as needed. Plex uses EasyAudioEncoder to transcode TrueHD. The other directory has decoders & encoders for video and other audio formats.
I’m not sure why this is not working for you (both transcoding TrueHD and downloading codecs).
I’ve the same ISP (I’m in Texas), I’m on the same version of Ubuntu, and have a similar system (an i5-10500T with UHD 630 graphics). I’m on PMS 1.41.5.9522, but that will not matter.
Your system correctly registers with plex.tv.
I’ll go over the logs again. Maybe I missed something.
FYI, If you stay on the beta release, do not fall back to an earlier 1.41.7 version. Some of them had a bug that causes the Plex database files to grow very large (tens of GB). Plex reverted things in the 1.41.7.9799 release. It stops the massive growth. A future release will return the db to normal size. Thread with details: Library.db size more than doubled in latest version