Short Answer: Look at your audio gear during playback. Most Atmos capable audio equipment has a display or other indicator to let you know it is receiving Atmos enabled audio.
Long Answer:
There are two types of Atmos audio in the home theater market: TrueHD + Atmos is what is found on Blu-ray discs. It is commonly referred to as “Lossless Atmos.” EAC3 + Atmos is what is used by streaming services such as Netflix, Amazon, Apple, etc. It is commonly referred to as “Streaming Atmos” (EAC3 is also known as Dolby Digital Plus).
The Shield will pass TrueHD + Atmos and EAC3 + Atmos to attached soundbar/receiver/etc. It is the only off the shelf streaming box that passes TrueHD with the Plex app.
The AppleTV decodes TrueHD to PCM before passing the audio to the attached device. Atmos information is lost during this conversion. Note this is an Apple restriction. Apple does not permit any app to pass TrueHD audio. EAC3 + Atmos will passthrough.
Plex apps do not show if the Atmos data is present. TrueHD + Atmos audio is displayed as TrueHD. EAC3 + Atmos audio is displayed as EAC3. This is a display issue only. It does not affect how Plex actually handles the audio. FYI, the same thing happens with dts:X audio. It is displayed as dts or dts-HD.
You can tell if the audio stream contains Atmos information by analyzing the video with MediaInfo. It will show if Atmos data is present.
Many receivers/soundbars/etc that support Atmos have an indicator if they are receiving Atmos data during playback. For example, the front panel on a Denon receiver displays “Atmos.”
How equipment is connected also matters. Ideally, the Shield is connected directly to your audio equipment. Traditional HDMI-ARC cannot pass TrueHD due to bandwidth limitations. The new HDMI-eARC can pass TrueHD. However, both the TV and audio equipment must support HDMI-eARC. Both HDMI-ARC and HDMI-eARC can pass EAC3 5.1, including EAC3 + Atmos.
For TrueHD + Atmos:
Good:
Shield <–HDMI–> Audio Gear <–HDMI–> Display
Good:
Shield <–HDMI–> Display <–HDMI-eARC–> Audio Gear
Bad:
Shield <–HDMI–> Display <–HDMI-ARC–> Audio Gear
MediaInfo output for TrueHD + Atmos audio
Format : MLP FBA 16-ch
Format/Info : Meridian Lossless Packing FBA with 16-channel presentation
Commercial name : Dolby TrueHD with Dolby Atmos
Codec ID : A_TRUEHD
Duration : 1 h 58 min
Bit rate mode : Variable
Bit rate : 3 810 kb/s
Maximum bit rate : 7 158 kb/s
Channel(s) : 8 channels
Channel layout : L R C LFE Ls Rs Lb Rb
Sampling rate : 48.0 kHz
Frame rate : 1 200.000 FPS (40 SPF)
Compression mode : Lossless
Stream size : 3.17 GiB (10%)
Title : TrueHD 7.1 + Atmos
Language : English
Default : Yes
Forced : No
Number of dynamic objects : 11
Bed channel count : 1 channel
Bed channel configuration : LFE