How can I add content to my media server from another computer not connected to the server?

There are plenty of options. Just to name the most common:

(1) Use the SFTP protocol with the WinSCP client on your Windows machine

https://winscp.net/

(2) Directly access a network share of your Windows PC from your RPi with Samba or vice versa, i.e. create a Samba share on your RPi and access it on your Windows PC

Linux Tips

https://wiki.debian.org/SambaServerSimple